The Smear: How Shady Political Operatives and Fake News Control What You See, What You Think, and How You Vote

Clinton was hammered on other aspects of Libya, but it was the incoherence of the policy that hurt her the most. Every time she praised her foreign policy experience, Libya came up.

As a result, the news and information ecosystem that is so important to a functioning democracy and civil society has suffered a double whammy. First, as we have seen, the social media platforms’ recommendation engines have promoted misinformation and disinformation. Second, we have now seen how programmatic advertising has provided financial suppo