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Les milliards de personnes qui dirent adieu à l’extrême pauvreté décidèrent aussi, pour la plupart, d’avoir moins d’enfants. Ils n’avaient plus besoin de famille nombreuse pour faire travailler les enfants dans la petite ferme familiale. Et ils n’avaient plus besoin de faire des enfants en plus pour s’assurer contre la mortalité infantile. En accéd

There are still a few regions with very high fertility rates—notably in sub-Saharan Africa—and as a result, living standards are not yet rising at the rates needed to end poverty in those places. The expectation is that with more urbanization and longer years of schooling, especially for girls, fertility rates will decline in those places as well.

Malthus made a provocative and important point, but fortunately for us, his conclusions were far too pessimistic. When living standards began to rise globally in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and as more people moved to cities, families chose to have fewer children and to invest more in the education, nutrition, and health care of each ch

The pension system is a huge burden on state finances, and the government spends more than a third of its tax revenue on pensions, yet a staggering 53 per cent of this goes to the wealthiest 20 per cent of the population. The poorest 20 per cent receive only 2.5 per cent of the total disbursed.