Sublime

Entropy was not a kind of energy or an amount of energy; it was, as Clausius had said, the unavailability of energy.

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transferred or changed from one form to another, such as from light to heat. The first law is known as the law of conservation of energy and it deals with the transfer of energy. There are two forms of energy exchange—heat and work. Heat is energy exch

The common element was randomness, Chaitin suddenly thought. Shannon linked randomness, perversely, to information. Physicists had found randomness inside the atom—the kind of randomness that Einstein deplored by complaining about God and dice. All these heroes of science were talking about or around randomness.

by combining the ideas of Prigogine and Schrödinger, we can understand where information comes from (the steady state of non-equilibrium systems) and why it sticks around (because it is stored in solids). The poetic oddity of this combination is that it tells us that our universe is both frozen and dynamic. From a physical perspective, a solid is “

abiogenesis is reconceptualized as a thermodynamic event that opened up new energy flow channels on Earth to facilitate entropy production. And as these channels emerged and expanded to relieve thermodynamic pressure, the increased energy flow stimulated further chemical and biological self-organization, eventually giving rise to the interconnected