Sublime

Walker’s memory remained vivid among abolitionists well into the mid-nineteenth century, only to fade after the Civil War. But meanwhile, he had struck a strong blow against the notion that whiteness, throughout history, deserved to be judged positively.29

The question seemed to decide or confirm something for Joe Walker. He replied sharply that he was going back to live with the Indians because ‘white people are too damn mean’.* He left soon afterwards, riding west, and

white supremacy,

Nonviolent Black drug offenders remain in prisons for about the same length of time (58.7 months) as violent White criminals (61.7 months).

Joseph Smith and the early Mormons had tried their best to murder all Indians in their path across the country, but in the end did not quite succeed. Arthur V. Watkins decided to use the power of his office to finish what the prophet had started. He didn’t even have to get his hands bloody.

A significant number of Seminoles live in Oklahoma now, as a consequence of the Indian Removal Act. But several hundred stayed in Florida and their number grew over the generations. They constituted themselves a Maroon colony that, in fighting to maintain their land, would earn the distinction of becoming the longest-standing military defense again