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Surrounded by all-powerful tools, man is reduced to a tool of his tools.
Ivan Illich • Deschooling Society (Open Forum S)
We must conceive of new relational structures which are deliberately set up to facilitate access to these resources for the use of anybody who is…
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Ivan Illich • Deschooling Society (Open Forum S)

Policies aimed to ease this frustration may easily distract attention from the general nature of the monopoly at its roots, however. The more these reforms succeed in correcting superficial abuses, the better they serve to bolster the monopoly I am trying to describe. The first palliative is consumer protection. Consumers cannot do without cars. Th
... See moreIvan Illich • Tools for Conviviality
Societies in which most people depend for most of their goods and services on the personal whim, kindness, or skill of another are called “underdeveloped,” while those in which living has been transformed into a process of ordering from an all-encompassing store catalogue are called “advanced.”
Ivan Illich • Tools for Conviviality
Product elaboration and obsolescence are two distinct dimensions of overefficiency, both of which underpin a society of hierarchically layered privilege. It does not really matter if forced obsolescence becomes destructive of old models or of old functions, if Ford discontinues the distribution of spare parts for its 1955 model, or if the police ru
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« processus de déséconomisation des mentalités43 »
Françoise GOLLAIN • André Gorz et l'écosocialisme (French Edition)
Other industrial institutions have passed through the same two watersheds. This is certainly true for the major social agencies that have been reorganized according to scientific criteria during the last 150 years. Education, the mails, social work, transportation, and even civil engineering have followed this evolution. At first, new knowledge is
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Today’s educational administrators are concerned with controlling teachers and students to the satisfaction of others—trustees, legislatures, and corporate executives. Network builders and administrators would have to demonstrate genius at keeping themselves, and others, out of people’s way, at facilitating encounters among students, skill models,
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