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Donella Meadows, théoricienne visionnaire des systèmes, l’un des principaux auteurs du rapport Halte à la croissance, paru en 1972.
Kate RAWORTH • La Théorie du donut
PLACES TO INTERVENE IN A SYSTEM
(in increasing order of effectiveness)
- Constants, parameters, numbers (subsidies, taxes, standards).
- Regulating negative feedback loops.
- Driving positive feedback loops.
- Material flows and nodes of material intersection.
- Information flows.
- The rules of the system (incentives, punishments, constraints).
- The distribution of po
Donella Meadows • Leverage Points: Places to Intervene in a System
“leverage points.” These are places within a complex system (a corporation, an economy, a living body, a city, an ecosystem) where a small shift in one thing can produce big changes in everything.
Donella Meadows • Leverage Points: Places to Intervene in a System
“Shifting the burden” structures show that any long-term solution must, as Meadows says, “strengthen the ability of the system to shoulder its own burdens.”
Peter M. Senge • The Fifth Discipline: The Art & Practice of The Learning Organization
Pour éviter un changement climatique dangereux, par exemple, il faut que la concentration de dioxyde de carbone dans l’atmosphère reste inférieure à 350 parties par million. Pour limiter la reconversion des terres, il faut veiller à ce qu’au moins 75 % des terres jadis forestières restent boisées. Et en matière d’engrais chimiques, il faut ajouter
... See moreKate RAWORTH • La Théorie du donut
