Sublime

Any number of European princes channeled Jewish economic activity toward lending at interest to Christians, so that they could then expropriate a considerable share of the proceeds from the Jews in the form of loans, taxes, and extraordinary seizures called captiones, “takings.” We can think of this as a novel form of indirect taxation. At a time w

After all, Jews and their synagogue had long been the whipping boys of preachers and exegetes: “If hatred of Jews makes the Christian, then we are all plenty Christian,” as both Erasmus and Luther put it at much the same time.

As the Byzantine iconomachs worried about the inability of the image to hold together the divinity and the humanity of Christ, so contemporary conversations around the image exude anxiety about the image holding together immanent encounter and transcendent meaning.

Another paradoxical courtier, Arthur Meyer, saw only white, the color of French royalty. His paper, Le Gaulois, which circulated like a house organ among Paris’s upper crust, offered sufficient proof of his anti-Semitism to earn him forgiveness for having been born Jewish.

a viable postmodern Christian faith may appropriate forms of Christianity that existed before the split between “the natural” and “the supernatural.”

The prevailing sense that something is ending and something worse is dawning spawns all sorts of reactions, from world-denying asceticism to fevered excess. In religious communities these ages of anxiety usually prompt an in-turning against the world as the deformed creation of a fallen spirit. However we account for it, it was through this dark le

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Christian trouble