Science for the Empire: Scientific Nationalism in Modern Japan

cultural products and social values: it was a difficult relationship to manage successfully. Once Japan began to run short of silver and the domestication

A most remarkable diplomatic initiative, known as the Iwakura Mission, was launched. Senior Japanese diplomats voyaged around the world to establish new diplomatic relations with Europe and the United States and to study best practices abroad as the basis for Japanese reforms in many key areas, including the structure of government, central banking

There was a second feature underlying the automakers’ success: the industrial policy pursued by the Japanese government, through its Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI). It pursued a strategy of exporting cars to developed countries, guided by a devalued currency and relatively cheaper wages.

MITI provided ample amounts of artificial