When we seek to intervene in any system created by someone, it’s not enough to view their decisions and choices simply as the consequences of first-order thinking because we can inadvertently create serious problems. Before changing anything, we should wonder whether they were using second-order thinking. Their reasons for making certain choices mi... See more
Some of these conclusions are useful in the micro, in the moment — but we are learning that measuring and treating discrete phenomena in isolation leads to misunderstanding, mis-treatment, and unintended consequences that can sometimes be severe.